which countries use the cyrillic alphabet

Writing system developed in Bulgaria and used for various languages of Eurasia, This article is about the alphabet. Try using Cyrillic letters to write your name! Some of the most major ones were the changes made by the famous printer and publisher Ivan Fyodorov. yego 'him/his', is pronounced [jvo] rather than [jo]). Kyrgyz has also been written in Latin and in Arabic. Latin is much more prevalent. Como existen tantos idiomas que utilizan este alfabeto para generar tantos sonidos, no hay un grupo de letras que satisfaga las necesidades de todos. Tal como en espaol tenemos la y en el francs aparece la , algunos smbolos del cirlico aparecen en los alfabetos de algunos idiomas pero en otros no. Este no era el alfabeto cirlico que conocemos hoy en da: se llama alfabeto glagoltico y se ve muy diferente del cirlico moderno. Sometimes different letters were used interchangeably, for example = = , as were typographical variants like = . The Cyrillic alphabet is based on the Greek alphabet, and about a dozen more letters were created to represent Slavic sounds that aren't found in Greek. How is the Cyrillic alphabet different from the East Slavic alphabet? The Belarusian alphabet displays the following features: The Ukrainian alphabet displays the following features: The Rusyn language is spoken by the Carpatho-Rusyns in Carpathian Ruthenia, Slovakia, and Poland, and the Pannonian Rusyns in Croatia and Serbia. Letters became distinguished between upper and lower case. 6 Which is the only country to use the Cyrillic alphabet? In Russian, syllabaries, especially the Japanese kana, are commonly referred to as 'syllabic azbukas' rather than 'syllabic scripts'. Like the word, seems like hoc, but it means nos, which implies nose. In 1900, Cyrillic was used by 111.2 million people (105 million in the Russian . The Early Cyrillic alphabet is a writing system that was developed in the First Bulgarian Empire during the late 9th century [2] [3] [4] on the basis of the Greek alphabet [5] [6] [7] for the Slavic peoples living near the Byzantine Empire in South East and Central Europe. Used by more than 250 . No est del todo claro quin procedi en la creacin del alfabeto cirlico, pero s sabemos que surgi de estas escuelas literarias, donde tom mucho del griego para la creacin de letras y del glagoltico para sonidos especficamente eslavos. Glagolitic and Cyrillic were formalized by the Byzantine Saints Cyril and Methodius and their disciples, such as Saints Naum, Clement, Angelar, and Sava. West South Slavic languages, such as Serbian, share common features such as and . See full answer below. The creator is Saint Clement of Ohrid from the Preslav literary school in the First Bulgarian Empire. En ese entonces, los textos religiosos solo estaban disponibles en griego, el idioma de los vecinos de Boris en el Imperio bizantino. Some experts think this decision highlights the cooling in relations between Kazakhstan and Russia, a desire to distance away . In 1928, the USSR approved a single alphabet for the Turkic languages based on Latin, but in 1940 it was still replaced by Cyrillic. Modern Russian has 32 letters (33, with inclusion of the soft signwhich is not, strictly speaking, a letter), Bulgarian 30, Serbian 30, and Ukrainian 32 (33). The Cyrillic Alphabet. This system of letters is also used in countries of Central Asia. The Tajik alphabet is written using a Cyrillic-based alphabet. Many Greek-derived letters are false friends. Note: in some fonts or styles, , i.e. The Cyrillic letters , , and are not used in native Mongolian words, but only for Russian or other loans ( may occur in native onomatopoeic words). Buryat does not use , , , , , , or in its native words ( may occur in native onomatopoeic words). El alfabeto cirlico ha atravesado varios ajustes, transformaciones e iteraciones hasta convertirse en las letras que conocemos hoy en da. With the orthographic reform of Saint Evtimiy of Tarnovo and other prominent representatives of the Tarnovo Literary School of the 14th and 15th centuries, such as Gregory Tsamblak and Constantine of Kostenets, the school influenced Russian, Serbian, Wallachian and Moldavian medieval culture. The Buryat () Cyrillic script is similar to the Khalkha above, but indicates palatalization as in Russian. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The translation was extremely tough due to the presence of many bizarre sounds in the Slavic dialect. Each Cyrillic alphabetic character has a pair consisting of an uppercase letter and a lowercase letter. Cyrillic is usually associated with Slavic languages like Russian and Bulgarian, and though the . Its not exactly clear who went on to create the Cyrillic script, but we do know that it emerged from these literary schools, borrowing from Greek for many letters and from Glagolitic for specifically Slavic sounds. En cualquiera de estos cursos, puedes empezar por nuestra funcionalidad de Bingo para familiarizarte con las letras y reconocer los falsos amigos y los caracteres menos familiares derivados del griego y del glagoltico. . . It was first developed on the initiative of Czar Simon the Great of Bulgaria. the lowercase italic Cyrillic , may look like Latin g, and , i.e. Here's why it holds court in Russia as opposed to a Latin-based alphabet. Conventionally, Slavic language is divided into three branches, based on geographical and genealogical principles and extralinguistic features. Cyrillic is usually associated with Slavic languages like Russian and Bulgarian, and though the original script was designed for languages in this family, it isnt a firm rule. They spread and taught Christianity in the whole of Bulgaria. Even in Serbia, where's the Cyrillic alphabet is the only official you can find newspapers printed in the Latin one. The letters stand for sounds similar to the English [d] and [t] - the latter sounding really Chinese. Cyrillic and Glagolitic were used for the Church Slavonic language, especially the Old Church Slavonic variant. The Cyrillic script (Old Slavonic alphabet) appeared as late as the 9th century, much later than many other alphabets. ", Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 5001250, Cambridge Medieval Textbooks, Florin Curta, Cambridge University Press, 2006, The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire, Oxford History of the Christian Church, J. M. Hussey, Andrew Louth, Oxford University Press, 2010, "Croats Revive Forgotten Cyrillic Through Stone", Towards a digital infrastructure for Kildin Saami, " III (National Plan for Mongol Script III)", Transliteration and transcription into Cyrillic, Lenin All-Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2016 Macedonian protests-Colorful Revolution, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cyrillic_alphabets&oldid=1142200504, Articles containing Russian-language text, Articles containing Bulgarian-language text, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from August 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2017, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The Hard Sign ( ) indicates no palatalization, When an iotated vowel (vowel whose sound begins with. The transition is complete in most of Moldova (except the breakaway region of Transnistria, where Moldovan Cyrillic is official), Turkmenistan, and Azerbaijan. Turkeys neighbors Bulgaria, Greece, Armenia, Georgia, Syria, and Azerbaijan are using Cyrillic (), Greek (), Armenian ( ), Georgian (), Arabic () and . Contribute to chinapedia/wikipedia.en development by creating an account on GitHub. The Kalmyk () Cyrillic script differs from Khalkha in some respects: there are additional letters (, , ), letters , and appear only word-initially, long vowels are written double in the first syllable (), but single in syllables after the first. [12] Modern scholars believe that the Early Cyrillic alphabet was created at the Preslav Literary School, the most important early literary and cultural center of the First Bulgarian Empire and of all Slavs: Unlike the Churchmen in Ohrid, Preslav scholars were much more dependent upon Greek models and quickly abandoned the Glagolitic scripts in favor of an adaptation of the Greek uncial to the needs of Slavic, which is now known as the Cyrillic alphabet. It, and by extension its descendants, differs from the East Slavic ones in that the alphabet has generally been simplified: Letters such as , , and , representing /ja/, /ju/, and /jo/ in Russian, respectively, have been removed. ), distancing it from the Church Slavonic alphabet in use prior to the reform. 7 Who was the person who created the Cyrillic alphabet? The Cyrillic script was created during the First Bulgarian Empire. However, in some alphabets invented in the 19th century, such as Mari, Udmurt and Chuvash, umlauts and breves also were used. "@Dokule @PopulismUpdates It is an artifact that a considerable amount of Slavic people have no relationship with so using the term disregards their situation completely as it disregards the situation of counties using the Cyrillic alphabet that aren't Slavic" View this answer. Each letter has an assigned sound and a name. [4] With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union on 1 January 2007, Cyrillic became the third official script of the European Union, following the Latin and Greek alphabets.[5]. Around 1200 CE, Proto-Tai came into contact with another language called Old Khmer; the result was a language now known as Old Thai. Over the last century, the alphabet used to write Kildin Smi has changed three times: from Cyrillic to Latin and back again to Cyrillic. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? Ivan G. Iliev. It only stands next to Latin and the Greek scripts as the important official scripts in the European Union. is shown twice as it appears at two different locations in Buryat and Kalmyk. The oldest Cyrillic alphabet was developed in 683 A.D. by the Byzantine monk and saint Cyril. However, over the course of the following millennium, Cyrillic adapted to changes in spoken language, developed regional variations to suit the features of national languages, and was subjected to academic reform and political decrees. For centuries, Cyrillic was also used by Catholic and Muslim Slavs (see Bosnian Cyrillic). West European typography culture was also adopted. Quizs hayas notado que muchas letras cirlicas se ven y suenan muy similar a letras del alfabeto latino. As of 2011, around 252 million people in Eurasia use it as the official alphabet for their national languages. Bringhurst (2002) writes "in Cyrillic, the difference between normal lower case and small caps is more subtle than it is in the Latin or Greek alphabets, Learn how and when to remove this template message, IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters, accession of Bulgaria to the European Union, International Organization for Standardization, Keyboard layouts for non-Latin alphabetic scripts, "Cyrillic, the third official alphabet of the EU, was created by a truly multilingual European", "The Orthodox Church in the Byzantine Empire". What countries use the Cyrillic alphabet? An alphabet is a standardized set of basic written graphemes (called letters) representing phonemes, units of sounds that distinguish words, of certain spoken languages. In the early 18th century, the Cyrillic script used in Russia was heavily reformed by Peter the Great, who had recently returned from his Grand Embassy in Western Europe. The following list some of these language differences. Certain letters are handwritten differently, as seen in the adjacent image. ", "On the relationship of old Church Slavonic to the written language of early Rus'" Horace G. Lunt; Russian Linguistics, Volume 11, Numbers 23 / January, 1987. For example, the separatist Chechen government mandated a Latin script which is still used by many Chechens. Cue Cyril and Methodius! Late Medieval Cyrillic letters (categorized as vyaz' and still found on many icon inscriptions today) show a marked tendency to be very tall and narrow, with strokes often shared between adjacent letters. El cirlico suele asociarse con los idiomas eslavos como el ruso y el blgaro, pero aunque el alfabeto fue diseado para los idiomas en esa familia, esa no es una regla rgida. Top 10 Alcohol Consuming Countries In The World, The Biggest Heists and Bank Robberies in American History. In Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan, the use of Cyrillic to write local languages has often been a politically controversial issue since the collapse of the Soviet Union, as it evokes the era of Soviet rule and Russification. They developed out of the dialects of Proto-Slavic. In Daniels and Bright, eds. Punctuation for Cyrillic text is similar to that used in European Latin-alphabet languages. A Byzantine monk named Saint Cyril created the Cyrillic alphabet in around 683 AD. Corrections? Esto es porque ambos alfabetos tomaron algunas letras del griego! Unicode as a general rule does not include accented Cyrillic letters. [citation needed], Unicode 5.1, released on 4 April 2008, introduces major changes to the Cyrillic blocks. When practical Cyrillic keyboard layouts or fonts are unavailable, computer users sometimes use transliteration or look-alike "volapuk" encoding to type in languages that are normally written with the Cyrillic alphabet. With so many languages that contain so many unique sounds using this script, there is no "one size fits all" set of letters that can satisfy everyone. We know that Boris welcomed disciples of Cyril and Methodius into the Bulgarian Empire to start literary schools using the Glagolitic script but then the record becomes fuzzy. [24] Bosnian Cyrillic was used continuously until the 18th century, with sporadic usage even taking place in the 20th century.[25]. Historically, the Croatian language briefly used the Cyrillic script in areas with large Croatian language or Bosnian language populations.[4]. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cyrillic-alphabet, Omniglot - History and Development of the Cyrillic Alphabet. Saints Naum and Clement, both of Ohrid and both among the disciples of Cyril and Methodius, are sometimes credited with having devised the Cyrillic alphabet. This script is called Cyrillic, and is used in many Slavic and Turkic languages. Answer (1 of 5): Peoples of some Slavic countries and of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. Cyrillic is an official or co-official script in the post-Yugoslav of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, which may become members of the EU in the coming decade. Some . Abkhaz is a Caucasian language, spoken in the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia, Georgia. This table contains all the characters used. These solutions only enjoy partial support and may render with default glyphs in certain software configurations.[38]. I couldn't find the female equivalent, by my limited knowledge of Russian I would assume it's something like "" (this is a straightforward Cyrillic rendition of Pavel's "girevichka") but the actual Russian noun might be different. Computer fonts typically default to the Central/Eastern, Russian letterforms, and require the use of OpenType Layout (OTL) features to display the Western, Bulgarian or Southern, Serbian/Macedonian forms. More than 300 million people today use Cyrillic alphabet: Russian and nother 11 countries. The Cyrillic alphabet was an indirect result of the missionary work of the 9th-century Apostles of the Slavs, St. Cyril (or Constantine) and St. Methodius. The Cyrillic alphabet was created by St. Cyril and St. Methodius in the 9th century. Si esto te parece complicado, muchas computadoras tienen una opcin para teclados fonticos para que no tengas que recordar dnde encajan los nuevos sonidos en tu teclado con alfabeto latino. In Russia, this alphabet was first used as capital letters in the early Middle Ages. The name of this alphabet is derived from St.Cyril, who with his brother St.Methodius lead the conversion of the Slavic peoples in the 9th century. Variations of the Cyrillic alphabet are used for at least 50 languages, in countries including Turkmenistan, Russia, Ukraine, Khazakstan and Belarus. Cyrillic is a co-official or official script in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia, which may join the EU in the coming decade, which are post-Yugoslav. If this seems too tricky, many computers have a phonetic keyboard option, so you dont have to remember where new sounds fit on your Latin-alphabet keyboard. Take these letters, for example: Be careful, though! It is not clear that the transition will be made at all. Por ejemplo: Otras letras no tienen una contraparte idntica en latn. Influenced by the Greek alphabet, the Cyrillic alphabet has been adapted as the basis of the written forms of over . Serbian schools do not ban pupils from using Latin and the Cyrillic script is only mandatory for Serbian language and literature exams. Khalkha Mongolian is also written with the Mongol vertical alphabet, which was the official script before 1941. If you can't find any email from us, note that it might have been ended up in your spam folder. Originado en Bulgaria, este alfabeto es el alfabeto oficial de casi 50 idiomas como el ruso, el serbio, el ucraniano y el uzbeko. After the death of Cyril, Pope Leo XIII canonized both Cyril and his brother Methodius in 1881. Latin is going to be the only used alphabet in 2022, alongside the modified Arabic alphabet (in the People's Republic of China, Iran and Afghanistan). Una de las mejores formas de aprender son los cursos de ruso y ucraniano en Duolingo! Modern Russian Cyrillic has also been adapted to many non-Slavic languages, sometimes with the addition of special letters. Over time, these were largely adopted in the other languages that use the script. The Cyrillic alphabet was used in the then much bigger territory of Bulgaria (including most of today's Serbia), North Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania, Northern Greece (Macedonia region), Romania and Moldova, officially from 893. South Slavic Cyrillic alphabets (with the exception of Bulgarian) are generally derived from Serbian Cyrillic. For example: Other letters dont have a totally similar-looking Latin counterpart. Kazakh can be alternatively written in the Latin alphabet. It's the year when Kazakhstan will switch from Cyrillic to Latin alphabet. As a Romanian, I'm also aware that our country underwent a similar process in the 19th century, when we transitioned from the Cyrillic script to the Latin alphabet. Nowadays, over 300 million people use Cyrillic alphabet in 12 countries. The earliest datable Cyrillic inscriptions have been found in the area of Preslav, in the medieval city itself and at nearby Patleina Monastery, both in present-day Shumen Province, as well as in the Ravna Monastery and in the Varna Monastery. 2. The new script became the basis of alphabets used in various languages in Orthodox Church-dominated Eastern Europe, both Slavic and non-Slavic languages (such as Romanian, until the 1860s). Later, some Slavs modified it and added/excluded letters from it to better suit the needs of their own language varieties. Macedonian. Instead, these are represented by the digraphs , u, and , respectively. Now Cyrillic scripts are certainly used by speakers of Russian, Ukrainian and Belarusian. The alphabet used for the modern Church Slavonic language in Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic rites still resembles early Cyrillic. What is more, this alphabet is the sole official script across the EU's eastern border, in Belarus, the Russian . On food packaging made in Russia today Kazakh language is still in Cyrillic, though a planned shift to Latin has been declared. Thank you for your time and consideration. [citation needed]. El cirlico tiene un nmero finito de letras que puedes ir identificando con sonidos en pequeas cantidades. Here two of my favorites: Cyrillic can look daunting at first, especially when you see a lot of unfamiliar characters all at once, but dont be discouraged! Cyrillic has a finite number of letters that you can match to their corresponding sounds in small batches. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). . Cyrillic is an official or co-official script in the post-Yugoslav of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, which may become members of the EU in the coming decade. In Standard Serbian, as well as in Macedonian,[35] some italic and cursive letters are allowed to be different to more closely resemble the handwritten letters. The Slavic Alphabet. Notes: Depending on fonts available, the Serbian row may appear identical to the Russian row. The most widely spoken languages that use the Cyrillic alphabet are Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian,. Paleographers consider the earliest features of Bosnian Cyrillic script had likely begun to appear between the 10th or 11th century, with the Humac tablet (a tablet written in Bosnian Cyrillic) to be the first such document using this type of script and is believed to date from this period. North Macedonia/Official languages. The Cyrillic Alphabets also have an interesting story behind their origins. The Columbia Encyclopaedia, Sixth Edition. Many of the letterforms differed from those of modern Cyrillic, varied a great deal in manuscripts, and changed over time. Mostly used in Russia and Eastern Europe, these alphabets may appear challenging to learn, especially for an English speaker. The Slovak alphabet is an . Short History of the Cyrillic Alphabet. The letters also had numeric values, based not on Cyrillic alphabetical order, but inherited from the letters' Greek ancestors. In Bulgarian typography, many lowercase letterforms may more closely resemble the cursive forms on the one hand and Latin glyphs on the other hand, e.g. Also known as "Saints Cyril and Methodius Day" or "Slavonic Literature and Culture Day," the day celebrates the Cyrillic script's cultural legacy and heritage. Meaning: n. an alphabet derived from the Greek alphabet and used for writing Slavic languages. It is currently used either exclusively or as one of several alphabets for languages like Belarusian, Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Russian, Serbian, Tajik (a dialect of Persian), Turkmen, Ukrainian, and Uzbek. It is currently used exclusively or as one of several alphabets for more than 50 languages, notably Belarusian , Bulgarian, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, Macedonian, Montenegrin (spoken in Montenegro; also called Serbian), Russian . The Slavic languages, spoken by some 315 million people. The first few of these alphabets were developed by Orthodox missionaries for the Finnic and Turkic peoples of Idel-Ural (Mari, Udmurt, Mordva, Chuvash, and Kerashen Tatars) in the 1870s. Cyrillic alphabets continue to be used in several Slavic (Russian, Ukrainian, Serbian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Belarusian) and non-Slavic (Kazakh, Uzbek, Kyrgyz, Tajik, Azeri, Gagauz, Turkmen, Mongolian) languages. Which countries use Russian letters? They developed out of the dialects of Proto-Slavic. Note that J, U and W would all look weird to an ancient Roman, as they werent present in the original Roman alphabet. In 1998 the government has adopted a Latin alphabet to replace it. - , - , 15.10.2021. This wasnt the Cyrillic script we know todayit was called the Glagolitic script, which looks pretty different from modern Cyrillic! Now Cyrillic is the third alphabet in the European Union after Latin and Greek. In 1989 publication began again in the other Karelian dialects and Latin alphabets were used, in some cases with the addition of Cyrillic letters such as . What is the Cyrillic alphabet? On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Russian (Russian alphabet), Ukrainian (Ukrainian alphabet), Belarusian (Belarusian alphabet), Bulgarian (Bulgarian alphabet), Serbian (Serbian alphabet), Macedonian (Macedonian alphabet). You might notice that several Cyrillic letters look and sound extremely similar to letters in the Latin alphabet. The Cyrillic alphabet is closely based on the Greek alphabet, with about a dozen additional letters invented to represent Slavic sounds not found in Greek. Who was the person who created the Cyrillic alphabet? Paul Cubberley (1996) "The Slavic Alphabets". Which countries speak and understand Russian. Today, Cyrillic is known as one of the most popular writing systems of the world. In 1708, Peter the Great, one of the Czars of Russia, introduced lower case characters, and made it mandatory to use Westernized letter forms. also adopted Cyrillic alphabets, and during the Great Purge in the late 1930s, all of the Latin alphabets of the peoples of the Soviet Union were switched to Cyrillic as well (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia were occupied and annexed by Soviet Union in 1940, and were not affected by this change). Otra buena forma de practicar es escribir palabras en tu primer idioma con letras del alfabeto cirlico. Today, nearly 50 languages throughout parts of Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and Siberia use Cyrillic as their official script. Therefore, Cyril found a unique way to solve this problem. The Cyrillic alphabet is, like the Roman alphabet (that you are reading . The Thai writing system was first created in the 1200s (the . The word "Cyrillic" was derived from his name, "Cyril". It is the designated national script in various Slavic, Turkic, Mongolic, Uralic, Caucasian and Iranic-speaking countries in Southeastern Europe, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, North Asia, and East Asia. What Is The Difference Between Catholic And Christian? On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Another good way to practice is by writing words in your first language with Cyrillic letters. Peoples of some Slavic countries and of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia. Keep up your Duolingo streak in Ukrainian or Russian, and youll be reading and writing in Cyrillic in no time! The Cyrillic letters , , , , , , and are not used in native Kazakh words, but only for Russian loans. It is now possible to learn the Cyrillic alphabets via online tutorials available over the web as well. Some currency signs have derived from Cyrillic letters: The development of Cyrillic typography passed directly from the medieval stage to the late Baroque, without a Renaissance phase as in Western Europe. Si te interesa aprender alguno de estos idiomas o si tienes curiosidad por el sistema de escritura cirlico y su rica historia tenemos justo lo que necesitas! At present, the use of the Cyrillic alphabet countries, including Bulgaria, Russia, Belarus, Serbia, Ukraine, Macedonia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan, and so on. and are used in loanwords only (Russian, Tibetan, etc. Cyrillic alphabet, writing system developed in the 9th10th century ce for Slavic-speaking peoples of the Eastern Orthodox faith. 11324: "Es interesante el hecho que en Bulgaria se imprimieron unas pocas publicaciones en alfabeto cirlico blgaro y en Grecia en alfabeto griego Nezirovi (1992: 128) anota que tambin en Bosnia se ha encontrado un documento en que la lengua sefard est escrita en alfabeto cirilico." After the disintegration of the Soviet Union in 1991, some of the former republics officially shifted from Cyrillic to Latin. Additionally, the letter , representing /je/ in Russian, is instead pronounced /e/ or //, with /je/ being represented by e. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Hence expressions such as " is the tenth Cyrillic letter" typically refer to the order of the Church Slavonic alphabet; not every Cyrillic alphabet uses every letter available in the script. If youre interested in learning any of these languages or if youre just generally curious about the Cyrillic script and its rich history, weve got you covered! If he could find a new script for Slavic languages, Boris could have religious texts translated, and Bulgarians could practice Christianity in their mother tongue.

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